GENERAL INFORMATION
The ischiocavernosus, situated between the pubic symphysis and coccyx, contains vital structures such as muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and genitals, supporting pelvic organs and essential bodily functions.
ISCHIOCAVERNOSUS
The ischiocavernosus muscle, a component of the superficial pelvic floor muscles, plays a pivotal role in sexual function, contributing to penile and clitoral erection.
ORIGIN
Originating from the ischial tuberosity at the base of the pelvis, the ischiocavernosus muscle provides structural support to the perineum.
INSERTION POINT
In males, it inserts into the crus of the penis, aiding in maintaining penile rigidity. In females, it inserts into the crus of the clitoris, supporting clitoral function.
MAJOR ARTERIES
The ischiocavernosus muscle receives its blood supply from branches of the internal pudendal artery, which is crucial for sustaining erectile function as well as perineal health.
NEURAL INNERVATION
Innervated by the pudendal nerve (S2-S4), the ischiocavernosus muscle receives sensory and motor signals essential for perineal sensation and function.
TRIGGER POINT
Trigger points within the ischiocavernosus muscle can lead to pain, discomfort, and functional impairment in the perineal region.
CONCENTRIC FUNCTION
During contraction, the ischiocavernosus muscle compresses the deep dorsal vein of the penis, reducing blood outflow and aiding in penile erection. In females, it contributes to clitoral erection during sexual arousal.
ECCENTRIC FUNCTION
During relaxation, the ischiocavernosus muscle allows for the expansion of perineal tissues, which is essential for sexual arousal and erectile function.
ISOMETRIC FUNCTION
It acts isometrically to stabilise and support the perineum and pelvic floor muscles, which is crucial for maintaining continence and structural integrity.
RELATED MUSCLE SCIENTIFIC NAMES
- Bulbocavernosus Muscle: Functions in erectile response and supports penile and clitoral rigidity.
- Bulbospongiosus Muscle: Aids in perineal support and contributes to sexual function within the ischiocavernosus muscle complex.
ANTAGONIST MUSCLES
- Puborectalis Muscle: Opposes the ischiocavernosus muscle, supporting bowel control and maintaining continence.
- Levator Ani Muscle: Antagonises the ischiocavernosus muscle, supporting pelvic organ function and urinary control.
COMMON INJURIES
- Perineal Tears during Childbirth: Result from the stretching of perineal tissues during delivery, requiring careful management.
- Ischiocavernosus Muscle Strain: Occurs due to overexertion or trauma, causing discomfort and hindering sexual function.
- Perineal Trauma from Accidents: Injuries to the perineum from sudden impacts or falls necessitating prompt medical attention.
EXERCISES
- Kegel Exercises: Strengthen pelvic floor muscles, including the ischiocavernosus, promoting sexual health and urinary control.
- Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises: Improve strength and control of perineal muscles, which are crucial for pelvic stability and function.
- Squats: Engage perineal muscles, improving pelvic stability and overall muscle strength, supporting daily activities.
STRETCHES
- Butterfly Stretch: Increases flexibility in inner thighs and perineal muscles, aiding in relaxation and reducing tension.
- Happy Baby Pose Releases tension in the perineum and lower back, promoting relaxation and improving pelvic flexibility.
- Seated Forward Fold: Stretches hamstrings and perineal area, enhancing flexibility and reducing stiffness in the lower body.
- Child’s Pose: Stretches the perineum and relaxes pelvic floor muscles, promoting stress relief and enhancing overall flexibility.